Keywords
How to Cite
Abstract
Voice is a vital tool for professional voice users, including teachers, singers, actors, broadcasters, and call center workers, whose occupational performance depends on vocal quality and endurance. Voice disorders among these groups are common due to excessive vocal load, improper vocal techniques, environmental factors, and psychological stress. The prevalence of dysphonia in professional voice users ranges from 20% to 80%, often leading to reduced work efficiency, absenteeism, and diminished quality of life. The etiology is multifactorial, involving physiological, acoustic, and behavioral aspects. Continuous vocal strain may lead to structural lesions such as nodules, polyps, cysts, or functional dysphonia caused by poor vocal habits. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial to prevent chronic vocal damage and ensure optimal vocal performance.
References
1. Brook, I. (2016). The role of bacterial interference in the pathogenesis of tonsillitis. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, 35(9), 1025–1030.
2. Choby, B.A. (2009). Diagnosis and treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis. American Family Physician, 79(5), 383–390.
3. Centor, R.M., et al. (1981). The diagnosis of strep throat in adults in the emergency room. Medical Decision Making, 1(3), 239–246.
4. Wessels, M.R. (2011). Streptococcal pharyngitis and scarlet fever. New England Journal of Medicine, 364(7), 648–655.
5. Snow, V., et al. (2001). Principles of appropriate antibiotic use for acute pharyngitis in adults. Annals of Internal Medicine, 134(6), 506–508.
6. Gerber, M.A., et al. (2009). Prevention of rheumatic fever and diagnosis and treatment of acute streptococcal pharyngitis. Circulation, 119(11), 1541–1551.
7. Bisno, A.L. (2001). Acute pharyngitis: Etiology and diagnosis. Pediatrics, 108(5), 1157–1162.
8. Linder, J.A., et al. (2017). Antibiotic treatment of acute tonsillitis: Evidence-based recommendations. BMJ, 358, j4090.
9. Shulman, S.T., et al. (2012). Clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and management of Group A Streptococcal pharyngitis. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 55(10), 1279–1282.
10. Zoorob, R., Sidani, M.A., Fremont, R.D., & Kihlberg, C. (2012). Antibiotic use in acute upper respiratory tract infections. American Family Physician, 86(9), 817–822.